Decoding The Oyster Sigfox Payload - Javascript example code
Written by Matthew Clark-Massera
Updated at March 5th, 2025
Click this link to check out the Oyster Sigfox on the Digital Matter Website.
Below is some code that will allow you to parse the body of the Sigfox message.
e.g. parseSigFox('10b67dcc0006efda3d9816c2')
Note: All the code is also in the attached js file.
To start off with, you would need to decipher which message is being transmitted by looking at the low nibble in the first bit.
function parseSigFox(data) {
var buffer = hex2Bytes(data);
if (!buffer) {
return null;
}
var recordType = buffer[0] & 0x0f;
switch (recordType) {
case 0: //positional data
return parsePositionalData(buffer);
case 1: //downlink ACK
return parseDownlinkAck(buffer);
case 2: //device data
return parseDeviceStats(buffer);
default:
return null;
}
}JavaScript
From here we can parse the individual messages.
Positional Data Message
function parsePositionalData(buffer) {
var flags = buffer[0] & 0xf0;
var inTrip = (flags & 0x10) > 0;
var lastFixFailed = (flags & 0x20) > 0;
var latitudeRaw = parseLittleEndianInt32(buffer, 1);
var longitudeRaw = parseLittleEndianInt32(buffer, 5);
var headingRaw = buffer[9];
var speedRaw = buffer[10];
var batteryRaw = buffer[11];
return {
MessageType: 0,
InTrip: inTrip,
LastFixFailed: lastFixFailed,
Latitude: latitudeRaw * 1e-7,
Longitude: longitudeRaw * 1e-7,
Heading: headingRaw * 2,
SpeedKmH: speedRaw,
BatteryVoltage: (batteryRaw * 25) / 1000.0
};
}JavaScript
Downlink ACK Message
function parseDownlinkAck(buffer) {
var flags = buffer[0] & 0xf0;
var downlinkAccepted = (flags & 0x10) > 0;
var firmwareMajor = buffer[2];
var firmwareMinor = buffer[3];
var data = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
data.push(i + 4);
}
return {
MessageType: 1,
DownlinkAccepted: downlinkAccepted,
FirmwareVersion: firmwareMajor + '.' + firmwareMinor,
DownlinkData: data
};
}JavaScript
Device Stats Message
function parseDeviceStats(buffer) {
var uptimeWeeks = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 0, 4, 9/*bits*/);
var txCountRaw = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 1, 5, 11 /*bits*/);
var rxCountRaw = buffer[3];
var tripCountRaw = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 4, 0, 13 /*bits*/);
var gpsSuccessRaw = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 5, 5, 10 /*bits*/);
var gpsFailuresRaw = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 6, 7, 8 /*bits*/);
var averageFixTime = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 7, 7, 9/*bits*/);
var averageFailTime = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 9, 0, 9/*bits*/);
var averageFreshenTime = parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, 10, 1, 8/*bits*/);
var wakeupsPerTrip = buffer[11] >> 1;
return {
MessageType: 2,
UptimeWeeks: uptimeWeeks,
TxCount: txCountRaw * 32,
RxCount: rxCountRaw * 32,
TripCount: tripCountRaw * 32,
GpsSuccessCount: gpsSuccessRaw * 32,
GpsFailureCount: gpsFailuresRaw * 32,
AverageFixTimeSeconds: averageFixTime,
AverageFailTimeSeconds: averageFailTime,
AverageFreshenTimeSeconds: averageFreshenTime,
WakeUpsPerTrip: wakeupsPerTrip
};
}JavaScript
Extended Positional Data Message
function parseExtendedData(buffer) {
var headingRaw = buffer[0] >> 4;
var latitudeRaw = buffer[1] + buffer[2] * 256 + buffer[3] * 65536;
if (latitudeRaw >= 0x800000) // 2^23
latitudeRaw -= 0x1000000; // 2^24
var longitudeRaw = buffer[4] + buffer[5] * 256 + buffer[6] * 65536;
if (longitudeRaw >= 0x800000) // 2^23
longitudeRaw -= 0x1000000; // 2^24
var posAccRaw = buffer[7];
var batteryRaw = buffer[8];
var speedRaw = buffer[9] & 0x3F;
var inTrip = (buffer[9] & 0x40) > 0;
var lastFixFailed = (buffer[9] & 0x80) > 0;
return {
MessageType: 3,
Heading: headingRaw * 22.5,
Latitude: (latitudeRaw * 256) / 1e7,
Longitude: (longitudeRaw * 256) / 1e7,
PosAccM: posAccRaw * 1,
BatteryVoltage: (batteryRaw * 25) / 1000.0,
SpeedKmH: speedRaw * 2.5,
InTrip: inTrip,
LastFixFailed: lastFixFailed
};
}JavaScript
Additional Parsing Methods
Additional methods used in parsing the basic data are shown below
function hex2Bytes(val) {
if (!val) {
return [];
}
val = val.trim();
if (val.startsWith('0x')) {
val = val.substring(2); //get rid of starting '0x'
}
var numBytes = val.length / 2;
var bytes = [];
for (var i = 0; i < numBytes; i++) {
bytes.push(parseInt(val.substring(i*2, (i*2) + 2), 16));
}
return bytes;
}JavaScript
Read a 32 bit integer from the array of bytes:
function parseLittleEndianInt32(buffer, offset) {
return (buffer[offset + 3] << 24) +
(buffer[offset + 2] << 16) +
(buffer[offset + 1] << 8) +
(buffer[offset]);
}JavaScript
Read a 16 bit integer from the array of bytes:
function parseLittleEndianInt16(buffer, offset) {
return (buffer[offset + 1] << 8) +
(buffer[offset]);
}JavaScript
Read some bits from the array of bytes:
function parseLittleEndianInt16Bits(buffer, offset, bitOffset, bitLength) {
var temp = parseLittleEndianInt16(buffer, offset);
temp = temp >> bitOffset;
var mask = 0xffff >> (16 - bitLength);
return temp & mask;
}JavaScript
